Adverbs of manner
Příslovce způsobu

Most adverbs of manner are formed by adding -ly to an adjective, but sometimes other spelling changes are needed.

• We cannot form adverbs from adjectives that end in "-ly".
• Some adverbs have the same form as adjectives.
• We do not use adverbs after link verbs, you use adjectives.
• Adverbials of manner are sometimes prepositional phrases or noun groups.

1. Adverbs of manner are often formed by adding -ly to an adjective.

 2. Adverbs formed in this way usually have a similar meaning to the adjective.

3. There are sometimes changes in spelling when an adverb is formed from an adjective.

• -le changes to -ly
• -y changes to -ily
• -ic changes to -ically
• -ue changes to -uly
• -ll changes to -lly

Note that 'public' changes to 'publicly', not 'publically'.

 

WARNING: We cannot form adverbs from adjectives that already end in '-ly'. For example, you cannot say "He smiled at me friendlily.". We can sometimes use a prepositional phrase instead: "He smiled at me in a friendly way".

4. Some adverbs of manner have the same form as adjectives and have similar meanings, for example fast, hard, and late.

Note that hardly and lately are not adverbs of manner and have different meanings from the adjectives hard and late.

5. The adverb of manner related to the adjective good and well.

6. We do not use adverbs after linking verbs such as be, become, feel, get, look, and seem. You use an adjective after these verbs.

7. We do not often use prepositional phrases or noun groups as adverbials of manner. However, we occasionally need to use them, for example when there is no adverb form available. The prepositional phrases and noun groups usually include a noun such as way,  fashion, or manner, or a noun that refers to someone's voice.